Abstract: The individual natural rights theory is the controversial issue in the modern political theory,and Hobbes is the first theorist who has a systemic explanation on it.According to the theory of Hobbes,he argues that the desire nature of a person is the starting point of individual natural rights,the legitimacy of the desire of the life is the foundation of individual natural rights,the legitimacy of the existence of the life is the core of individual natural rights,the legitimacy of the preservation of the life is the external form of individual natural rights. In a word,he proved that modernity individual natural rights.It has an important effect on the western liberalism.