查禁“邪教”:清代民间的回应及原因探析
Analysis of the Response and Reasons of Civil Society on Banning Cult in the Qing Dynasty
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摘要: 清代邪教滋生,国家以严厉的手段对其发动了全面清剿。不过,民间对此表现出集体冷淡和漠视:乡保虚应查禁邪教的职责;家(宗)族置身事外;民众对此漠不关心,避之唯恐不及,很少有人主动向官府告发邪教,即使有少数主动告发者,也是希望借国家清剿邪教的机会清算宿怨,或谋取私利。民间与国家形成鲜明对比的态度,昭示出传统国家与民间社会的结构性对立,国家法律与民间社会存在深层次的断裂。Abstract: The breeding of cult caused the government of the Qing Dynasty to punish and prohibit severely it. But the civil society reacted to it with a collective apathy and indifference. The local police inactively punished the cult,patriarchal clans stood by and the common people were indifferent to the cult and even few reported it to the government only for sake of settling old scores or gaining personal benefits. The folk society and the country formed the sharp contrast. This manner indicated the depth break between the traditional folk society and the nation.