Abstract: According to Marx's historical materialism,the modernity has a sharp contradiction both in the social presence and in the social consciousness. The profound nature of various contradictions of modernity or its philosophical basis is the rationalism modern metaphysics. Marx's philosophical critique of modernity overturns the thinking way of the metaphysical philosophy of the capital modernity, which is of important methodological value to the modern construction China faces at present. In the process of constructing a socialist modernity,we must overcome the metaphysical way of thinking,and ultimately realize dialectical unity of the general and high development of the socialist productive forces and people's free and comprehensive development.