Abstract: Abduction is a central issue of interpretation and construction in the study of human reasoning.It is from "a surprising fact" to the possible explains,which can inspire some talent and produce new ideas.The Abduction differs from deductive and inductive logic.It has the logical features which the reasoning process and results as well as the theoretical selection and construction coexist.Therefore,the abduction possessing characteristics of both psychological and logical are widely used in the field of mathematics,linguistics,neuroscience of cognitive science,and play an increasingly important role in our life.