Abstract: On the basis of the abolishment of the national examination of the textbooks before the war,the Japanese textbook system after the war has called off the national absolute dominance over the textbooks,and guided by the basic principle of democracy and peace,is of progressive significance as well as of limitation.Since the textbook examination system was established at the early period after the war,the Japanese government has modified it three times to a different degree and constantly increased the government's power in examination of textbook system in the name of simplification and fairness,which is the cause of the historic problem of the Japanese textbook system after the war.