Abstract: As the concept of political economy, the Chinese mode consists of three aspects: politics, economy and society in its feature. In the political power structure, we always adhere to the leadership of Chinese Communist Party; In the economic level, socialist system is combined with the market economy; In the social development level, we are constructing a social development mode of benign interaction between state and civil society. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, especially since China's reform and opening up, Chinese mode has obtained great success. However, under the complex and changeable international and domestic environment, Chinese mode's sustainable development will be faced with severe challenges.