Abstract: Deng Xiaoping's concept of the socialist nature entails the rich material interest thoughts. Gaining wealth together as the radical interest of the people is the starting point and endpoint at which Deng Xiaoping observed the socialist nature. In the socialist nature, liberating and developing the productive forces is the base of the material interest. Eliminating exploitation and two extremes is the socialist principle of the material interest. Gaining wealth together is the radical value orientation of the people's interest and the inevitable trend of the socialist material interest. The three aspects of mutual relation of the material interest in the socialist nature represent the essential differences between socialism and the social form of the private ownership, from which Deng Xiaoping further enriched and developed the historical materialist material interest.