Abstract: Because the economic function of farmland is weakened and the social function strengthened,the welfare farmland came into being,which is aimed at guaranteeing the basic life.It is opposite to efficiency farmland,which is aimed at improving economic benefit.Through economic analysis of welfare farmland,we find that welfare farmland brings about the inefficient utilization of farmland and restricts the improvement of the agriculture benefit.Also it retards the progress of peasant workers' urbanization and the promotion of industrial structure.