Abstract: Joel Kovel pointed out the anti-ecology nature of capitalism and that its exchange value-first logic destroyed ecological system severely,which inevitably resulted in the doom of ecological crisis.Because the first generation socialists in the former Soviet Union and Eastern European countries continued to use the paradigm of capitalism productivism,they lacked concerns for ecological problems. Based on this,Kovel constructed his own eco-socialism theory and advocated that eco-socialism can resolve the increasing ecological crises.