Abstract: “Insights into Chinese Culture” is a pivotal course in fostering a sense of Chinese cultural identity among Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan students in Chinese mainland universities. Using a sample of 519 students from Huaqiao University as a case study, the retrospective self-assessment of teaching content reveals that these students’ mastery of Chinese cultural knowledge was generally above average. Furthermore, 85.6% of students reported that this course enhanced their understanding of Chinese culture by more than 40%, which laid a solid foundation for their sense of Chinese cultural identity. This research examined students’ cultural identity across three dimensions: cognitive, affective, and behavioral, with results indicating above-average scores in all dimensions. The research identified personal background, frequency of participation in cultural activities, and practical teaching as major factors influencing students’ Chinese cultural identity. Statistical analysis reveals that exposure to the Chinese cultural environment, the Chinese mainland study experience, place of origin, and frequency of participation in cultural activities have significant effects on Chinese cultural identity. Multiple regression analysis revealed that students' knowledge mastery and practical teaching experience significantly and positively predicted Chinese cultural identity, which accounted for 62.8% of the variance. The findings indicate that the key to enhancing the course’s role as the primary educational channel lies in optimizing teaching content, innovating instructional methods, and implementing the “walking ideological and political course”, with the ultimate aim of strengthening the Chinese cultural identity of students from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan in the Chinese mainland universities.