Abstract: During the Yan’an Period, under the in-depth integration of its formation mechanism, core connotation, and organic composition, the political discourse of the Communist Party of China (CPC) demonstrated strong discourse vitality, cohesion, and influence, exerting a profound impact on the subsequent discourse construction of Communists. In terms of formation mechanism, political discourse has achieved a transformation from debate to aggregation, from tradition to modernity, and from domestic to international through the awakening of subject consciousness, the construction of a resource library of modern Chinese thought theory, and the expansion of external dissemination. The key driving force behind this transformation lies in the proposition of Marxist sinicization. The philosophical foundation, ideological axis, and conceptual innovation constitute the core connotation of political discourse theory, encompassing political philosophical discourse and political ideology centered on the people and class struggle, a political discourse system centered on Mao Zedong Thought, and new concepts and categories formed under the interactive reflection of discourse and historical practice. As a comprehensive discourse system, theme innovation, subject reconstruction, formal symbolization, carrier dissemination, and effect verification organically constitute the practical network of the CPC’s political discourse during the Yan'an era.