Abstract: Adopting the analytical perspective of institutional change can compensate for the lack of theoretical resources in existing research on the inspection system of the Communist Party of China. Starting from the four aspects of source of motivation, power base, degree of continuity and intention of change, this paper examines the evolution of the inspection system of the Communist Party of China over the past century. It can be found that its modes of change mainly present as follows: external change led by environment and concepts, compulsory change led by the party and its leaders, gradual change dominated by the combined effects of replacement, layering, drift and transformation patterns, and consensual change mainly in line with the expected goals of the actors.