Abstract: During the period of the central soviet area, the Communist Party of China took the elimination of illiteracy as a central task in order to train revolutionary talents and improve the cultural quality of the people, in view of the special historical situation of a large number of illiterate people in the Xingguo soviet area at that time. In order to promote the work of literacy education, the Xingguo soviet area set up a special leading organization, created a public opinion environment for literacy, implemented funds, adopted a variety of literacy education methods, gave full play to the main role of the masses, comprehensively improved the quality of the masses, and achieved great results. The literacy education in Xingguo soviet area has the distinct characteristics of revolutionary, people’s livelihood and people’s nature.