Abstract: Gender equality is an important manifestation of social fairness. Although gender equality has made substantial progress in many fields, there is still substantial inequality in the level of treatment in the social security field represented by the pension insurance system, which is hidden in the “neutral” expression of gender equality in The Constitution and The Social Security Law. There are gender differences in pension benefits in the pension insurance system, because the level of pension benefits mainly depends on the contribution ability and contribution years of the insured, and the contribution ability and contribution years of the female group are precisely affected by the traditional gender division of labor. In order to narrow the gap between gender pension treatment and guarantee the decent life of women in their old age, we should get rid of the mindset of gender opposition and resource competition, protect women’s pension rights and interests with the concept of gender cooperation, and realize the function of “mutual assistance” in gender level pension insurance.