Abstract: As an important carrier of enterprise innovation, employees’ innovation activities are an important source to enrich the enterprise innovation. In order to analyze the deviant innovation behavior of employees, combined with the questionnaire survey data, the structural equation model of exchange-psychological authorization-deviant innovation of leading members is established. The validity test of the questionnaire is carried out by using confirmatory factor analysis, and the mediation effect of psychological authorization is empirically tested by bootstrap method. Research shows that the exchange relationship between leading members has a positive impact on the deviant and innovative behavior of employees. The psychological empowerment acts partly as an intermediary between the above two behaviors. In this regard, management suggestions are put forward to establish a high-quality team within the organization, strengthen the psychological empowerment experience, create a friendly and relaxed innovation atmosphere and actively transform the performance of deviant innovation.