Abstract: In the early days of the People's Republic of China, under the shackles of traditional ideas, primary and secondary school students generally despised manual labor. In order to establish the idea that labor is the most glorious, the government began to implement labor education in primary and secondary schools. The new regime set up the new curriculum, transformed teachers' ideas, used new textbooks, increase the work of extracurricular activities and so on to implement the labor education. Labor education combined education with production and promoted the practice of Marx's educational theory, but there is also a limitation of overemphasis on the manual labor.