Abstract: It is a new task for higher education in the new era to apply the theory of knowledge ecosystem to guide the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents. In the four aspects of knowledge innovation, knowledge application, knowledge value added and knowledge network, the knowledge ecosystem has the same characteristics with the innovative and entrepreneurial talents training. In order to match the characteristics of innovative and entrepreneurial talents, it is an inevitable logic for training of innovative and entrepreneurial talents in colleges and universities to construct the knowledge ecosystem of "one core and three axes",that is the knowledge ecosystem of "taking the ability oriented as the axis, the practice, the network and the value as the axis point".