Abstract: There are intrinsic connections in Marx's philosophical change and his critique of the modernity of capitalism. The capitalism modernity is immersed in the profound contradiction and the difficult position in the reality, but the modern rationalism philosophy metaphysics abstract thinking way is the theory origin of the capitalism modernity contradiction predicament. It is because of the need to criticize the modernity of capitalism, which led to Marx's critique of the abstract thinking mode of the modern rationalism, and then made Marx set up his "new" materialism.