Measures of decreasing drum shape and simulation analysis of FEM in the upsetting process

In the upsetting process,it is easy to form drum shape on the side surface of the cylindrical billet,which has puzzled the practical manufacturing for a long time. In this paper,several traditional measures of decreasing drum shape were simulated by the finite element method by using DEFORM software,and their simulated results were compared with the common upsetting process. We find that the above mentioned measures can decrease drum shape and enhance deformation uniformity in various degrees.