Abstract: At present, using microorganisms and plants to degrade formaldehyde has become an important method to control indoor air pollution. Therefore, a highly efficient formaldehyde-degrading bacterium, designated JJ-2, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of potted Chlorophytum comosum. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this strain was identified as Acinetobacter pittii. Under the optimal culture conditions (pH 6.0, 150 r/min), strain JJ-2 completely degraded 450 mg/L formaldehyde within 12 h. Biomass determination revealed that the strain exhibited the best growth when inoculated onto the soil surface by spraying, reaching a biomass of 3 × 10⁹ CFU/g, and the corresponding formaldehyde removal efficiency exceeded 30%. Finally, strain JJ-2 was re-inoculated into the soil of potted Chlorophytum comosum, and the plants were placed in a dynamic fumigation chamber with an initial formaldehyde concentration of 6.13 mg/m³, and the formaldehyde concentrations at the inlet and outlet were monitored. The results showed that strain JJ-2 could continuously and effectively enhance the formaldehyde removal efficiency of potted Chlorophytum comosum. In two successive fumigation experiments, the removal efficiency during the daytime (6:00–18:00) was 2.36-fold and 1.92-fold that of the control group, respectively, while during the nighttime (18:00–6:00) it reached 2.27-fold and 4.07-fold, respectively. Furthermore, the CO₂ levels were effectively stabilized across both fumigation experiments, indicating the potential to mitigate plant carbon emissions.