Abstract: As the main method of non-destructive testing, radiographic testing is widely used to detect defects in product. The X and γ rays are electromagnetic radiation with high energy, which makes the management of radiographic testing laboratory different from normal laboratory. Accordingly, applying the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method and referring to the requirements of international management system standards for quality, environment and occupational health and safety, the three risks to quality, environment and occupational health and safety in the radiation testing laboratory are identified, analysed, evaluated and controlled. The identification and evaluation of quality factors, environmental factors, and hazards in the radiographic testing laboratory are carried out by designing FMEA tables and scoring tables applicable to the three major risks. The risk priority number (RPN) was calculated to obtain important quality factors, environmental aspects and hazard source, which promote effective control actions proposed. The results of this study are of reference value for the risk analysis, evaluation and management of radiographic testing laboratories in colleges and universities.