Abstract: Aiming at providing insights for universities in the management of competition teams, this study explores the impact of computer discipline competitions on the academic performance of college students, with a specific focus on undergraduate students of four grades from the School of Software in Nanchang Hangkong University. A variance analysis was conducted to compare the differences in academic performance between traditional teaching methods and competition-based teaching. Moreover, multiple linear regression and quantile regression were used to analyze the extent of the discipline competition’s influence on academic performance. The results show that students’ academic performance is significantly affected by the participation in computer discipline competitions, which shows significantly different academic performance of the students under the two teaching methods. In addition, the subject competition has different effects on the academic performance of students from different grades. The degree of participation and the level of awards have a significant positive impact on academic performance, while the number of awards has a significant negative impact. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed, including increasing students’ awareness of participating in competitions, implementing reforms in teaching methods and introducing tiered training instruction.