Abstract: Young teachers in universities are the new force to promote a strong country in science and technology, and improving the scientific research capabilities of young teachers in universities is the only way to technological innovation. Based on the in-depth interview method, the influence factors of environmental perception on the scientific research and innovation ability of young teachers is investigated. Four influencing factors of political environment, policy environment, academic environment and family environment that affect scientific research capabilities are analyzed. Policy recommendations to improve scientific research and innovation capabilities are proposed respectively. References are provided for the cultivation of scientific research and innovation ability of young teachers in universities.