Abstract: A representative volume element (RVE) for estimating equivalent elastic constants of hierarchical honeycombs is proposed using the homogenization finite element method. The influences of the structural parameters and relative densities of hierarchical honeycombs on the equivalent elastic constants are specifically investigated. The numerical results show that the honeycombs with different structural parameters have different mechanical properties, and the performance of the honeycomb can be improved generally by the increase of the hierarchy order. When the relative density is lower than 0.2, the junction number is increased by increasing the number of the hierarchy orders due to a thinner thickness of the honeycomb wall, resulting in the improvement of the mechanical properties. But as the relative density exceeds 0.2, the load afforded by the junctions is decreased because of the vanished stress concentration near the junctions, which will lead the unobvious improvement on the elastic behaviors of the hierarchical honeycombs through increasing the number of the hierarchy order.