Abstract: The thermal physical properties of various aviation nitrile butadiene rubbers (NBRs) were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis. A method for identifying different NBR brands was established based on the first-stage weight loss rate (m₁) in the thermogravimetric (TG) curve and the first peak (T_A) in the derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curve. Additionally, the atypical TG curves of aviation NBRs were analyzed to extract the identification characteristics. The results show that m₁ and A values are mainly related to the characteristics and content organic additives in the NBR, and can be used as the characteristic values for NBR identification. The decomposition weight loss stage of calcium carbonate in the temperature range of 650 ℃ to 800 ℃ on the TG curve can be used for distinguishing 5470/5470F, and the maximum rate temperature of the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate in 5470 is about 20 ℃ higher than that in 5470F. The weight loss stage in the range of 350 ℃ to 400 ℃ on the TG curve can be used as a basis for distinguishing 5860. The weight loss stage in the range of 200 ℃ to 300 ℃ on the TG curve after solvent extraction can be used as a basis for distinguishing 5870.