Abstract: Improving the fatigue resistance performance of wind turbine blades has become a current research hotspot, which is of great significance to the long-term service and reliable operation of wind turbines. The anti-fatigue technology of wind turbine blades, calculation methods of blade fatigue load, various factors affecting blade fatigue performance, blade fatigue detection technology, and the research progress related to blade life prediction and optimization design were introduced as a comprehensive overview in this paper. Blade fatigue load analysis is an important means to evaluate the fatigue failure of wind turbine blades, which can provide a key basis for formulating targeted maintenance plans and improving design. The factors such as material, fold defect, and external environment have a significant impact on the fatigue resistance performance of blades. Blade fatigue detection technology plays a crucial role in health monitoring and maintenance of blades. The blade fatigue life prediction based on Palmgren-Miner linear theory can effectively improve the reliability of blades. By adopting advanced design methods and structural improvement, the fatigue stress of blades can be reduced, and their strength and service life can be improved.