Abstract: The film cooling hole (FCH) structure is widely used in turbine blades as an important thermal protection technology. However, the existence of FCH introduces unfavorable factors such as manufacturing defects and stress concentration, which becomes one of the main causes of fatigue failure. In this study, low cycle fatigue tests in Ni-based single crystal with casting FCH at different temperatures were performed to analyze the fatigue fracture characteristics of FCH, which were directly formed by investment casting. The results show that the fatigue life at different temperatures depends on the stress amplitude. With the decrease of temperature, the fatigue fracture path changes from Mode-I type to crystallographic plane fracture, and the fracture morphology shows the characteristics from quasi-cleavage to ductile fracture. The microstructure analysis around FCH shows that the oxide film breaks and forms oxidation cracks under cyclic stress at 1000 ℃. At 700 ℃, fatigue crack initiation is mainly caused by slip accumulation. At 850 ℃, the fatigue damage is caused by the combined action of oxidative damage and slip accumulation. The finite element analysis of crystal plasticity reveals that the fatigue fracture characteristics of the casting FCH are mainly affected by the stress distribution near the FCH.