李玉生, 郭和平, 杨雅静, 张新宇. 1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al不锈钢弹簧锈蚀原因分析[J]. 失效分析与预防, 2019, 14(4): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-6214.2019.04.005
    引用本文: 李玉生, 郭和平, 杨雅静, 张新宇. 1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al不锈钢弹簧锈蚀原因分析[J]. 失效分析与预防, 2019, 14(4): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-6214.2019.04.005
    LI Yu-sheng, GUO He-ping, YANG Ya-jing, ZHANG Xin-yu. Cause Analysis of Rusting of 1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al Stainless Steel Spring[J]. Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2019, 14(4): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-6214.2019.04.005
    Citation: LI Yu-sheng, GUO He-ping, YANG Ya-jing, ZHANG Xin-yu. Cause Analysis of Rusting of 1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al Stainless Steel Spring[J]. Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2019, 14(4): 245-249. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-6214.2019.04.005

    1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al不锈钢弹簧锈蚀原因分析

    Cause Analysis of Rusting of 1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al Stainless Steel Spring

    • 摘要: 采用ϕ0.8 mm的1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al不锈钢丝绕制的弹簧,随产品进行功能试验后表面出现轻微棕红色锈斑,盐雾试验后弹簧表面出现严重棕红色锈斑。采用扫描电镜、金相显微镜观察弹簧表面微观形貌,用能谱检测锈蚀弹簧的化学成分,结果表明:弹簧锈蚀只发生在氧化膜层,弹簧基体未见腐蚀痕迹;弹簧表面的氧化膜主要形成于时效过程中。弹簧圆丝表面质量差,以及高温时效过程形成的氧化膜龟裂,使弹簧在潮湿环境下氧化膜缝隙吸收环境介质并发生反应,生成棕红色的锈蚀物。采用酸洗、喷砂、研磨等方式并不能完全去除弹簧时效过程形成的氧化膜,采用电解抛光能够在弹簧表面重新生成极薄的致密的氧化膜层而获得满意的抗腐蚀能力。提高弹簧圆丝的表面质量以及采用真空炉低温时效也能获得较满意的抗腐蚀能力。

       

      Abstract: Springs made of ϕ0.8 mm 1Cr15Ni27Mo1Ti3Al stainless-steel showed slight brown-red rust after functional test along with the products. After salt spray testing, the surface of the springs showed severe brown-red rust. Scanning electron microscopy and metallographic microscopy were used to observe micro surface appearance of the springs. The chemical composition of the spring rust was tested by energy spectrum. The results show that the spring rust only occurred at the oxide film, and the spring substrate had no corrosion. The oxide film on the spring surface mainly formed in the aging process. There were many gaps in the oxide film of springs because of the poor quality of the spring surface and the cracking in oxide film formed in high-temperature aging process. The gaps absorbed the environmental media in the humid environment, resulting in chemical reaction and then generating brown-red rust. The methods of pickling, sand blasting and grinding can not completely remove the oxide film of spring formed in aging process, and electrolytic polishing can regenerate a very thin and dense oxide film layer on the spring surface to obtain satisfactory corrosion resistance. Improving the surface quality of the spring wire and using the low temperature aging in vacuum furnaces can also obtain a satisfactory corrosion resistance.

       

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